callmemadam: (reading)


It’s hard for the British, with all their war myths, to imagine being on the losing side in a world war. Even harder to imagine loving your country while disapproving of the actions of the government. My Shanghai is written in diary form by Eiko, a beautiful young Christian Japanese woman raised and educated in England, where her father was a respected banker. She is married very young to the older, enigmatic Hiro and in 1942 they join the Japanese population of Shanghai. By that time there were 100,000 Japanese people in ‘the Paris of the Orient’ and the city was very cosmopolitan. Eiko has been brought up by her father to have liberal views and to mix happily with people of all races and religions. In Shanghai she soon makes friends amongst the Quakers as well as the Chinese and her fellow Japanese. The diary form of the book actually creates tension; Eiko’s first entries are so innocent but the reader knows what is to come.

The first bad news to hit is that ‘Daddy’, at first under house arrest in London, is interned on the Isle of Man. Then Japan’s alliance with Germany changes attitudes to the many Jewish refugees in Shanghai and they are moved to ‘designated areas’. Poor Eiko. Back in London she had ‘never thought about people being Jewish or not.’ She is especially worried about Irma, her friend and a tireless worker for the refugees. Her Quaker friends become ‘enemy aliens’. First they have to wear distinguishing armbands, then they are sent to internment camps. She gets fond of a young Chinese man to whom she’s been giving English lessons but he disappears, almost certainly to join the Communists. The young son of another friend is so brainwashed at school that he can’t wait to be a pilot in the service of his country. Things get worse and worse. There are food and fuel shortages because all resources must be devoted to the service of Japan. ‘Foreign’ words are banned, as are smart clothes. Japanese women must now dress like peasants.

Shanghai is an occupied city but there are divisions amongst the Chinese, between those who support the Nationalists (the Kuomintang) and those who think they are corrupt and that Communism is the answer. Small wonder that most people keep their heads down and are cautious about what they say in public. Whatever happens, Eiko manages to keep her husband and two little boys happy while running an efficient household with the help of loyal Chinese servants. When the tide starts to turn against Japan Eiko is saddened by news of the ‘heroic’ Kamikaze pilots, regretting the waste of young lives, disliking the military authority for its willingness to sacrifice the young and longing for a negotiated peace. After Japan’s surrender, the tables are truly turned. Brutal Japanese soldiers strutting about insulting the Chinese are replaced by impossibly tall and healthy looking Americans. Eiko’s family has been forced to move several times; first to make way for the Japanese military, eventually being herded into a designated area, just as the Jews had been. A far cry from the privileged luxury Eiko has been used to, yet she never gives up. Eventually the family is repatriated to Japan and the story ends.

Keiko Itoh has written this book as fiction, based on the experiences of her own mother and aunt. Yet it reads like history and I learned an awful lot from it about what it must have been like to live through those times, in that place. Many thanks to the publishers, Renaissance Books, for sending me a copy of such an interesting book, so atmospherically describing a city in turmoil and its unfortunate inhabitants, caught up in ‘interesting times’.
callmemadam: (gertrude)
Have you looked at Amazon
today?

callmemadam: (thinking)
riverkwai

You might think that this year is all about the First World War, but yesterday evening BBC 4 (of course) put on a compelling little programme about the Allied POWs who built the Burma railway and their captors. There are still veterans, over ninety years old. One is 100 and still working. What made this programme different was that Japanese veterans were interviewed as well. From the British we heard a lot about forgiving ‘the Japs’, not having hard feelings, getting on with their lives etc. Some had written books, some had never spoken about their experiences until this little film was made. The Japanese spoke of ‘obeying orders’ and ‘being brainwashed’. They tended to deny that they themselves had seen ill treatment yet said that today they felt ‘sorry’ for the sufferings of the POWs. Some seemed sorrier than others. As really old men, they looked back at the ‘horror of war’ and spoke of the need for ‘a peaceful world’. Interestingly, it was one of the Japanese veterans who mentioned the film The Bridge on the River Kwai, if only to say that he personally had never seen some of the horrors portrayed in it.

When I was a child, it must have been 1957, my parents went to see the film. Next day they reported that at the end, people in the cinema stood up and clapped. I don’t know why I remembered this, but later I realised that the audience weren’t just clapping because it was a good film. It’s hard for people my age to understand what a very recent memory the war was for our parents’ generation. I see the BBC programme is getting another showing and is available on the iPlayer. The most moving part of it for me was right at the end: the whistling theme from the film played over still photographs of the veterans, with subtitles about how they live now.
callmemadam: (studygirl)
afterbombing

This is an adult novel set in a girls’ school, a genre I like. The narrative is divided between 1942, when the bombing of the title takes place, and 1963, the year of President Kennedy’s assassination. Goldwyn’s is a prestigious girls’ school in Exeter, headed during the war years by the redoubtable Miss Cunningham-Smith. The school is targeted during the Baedeker raid on Exeter and the boarding house destroyed. The girls have to be accommodated and four of them are sent to a hostel which is part of the nearby university. Here we meet Robert Gunner, mathematics lecturer, unable to fight because of a crippled leg and whose war work consists of looking after his students and fire watching. He is glad to take ‘the children’, until he realises they are teenage girls. Four girls in an all-male environment? Hormones rage, with long-term consequences.

Tragic events take place which I’d be spoiling the story by revealing but for one of the girls, Alma, the losses are more than any teenager should have to face. Move forward to 1963. Miss Cunningham-Smith has died unexpectedly, to be replaced by new broom Miss Yates, intent on making her mark on the place. Her diktats reminded me of some I met in my own teaching days, whether it’s telling the staff how to dress: ‘I mean, Miss Braithwaite, that I do not consider it appropriate for you to be out in public without stockings. Our days of hardship and deprivation ended with the fifties, as I’m sure you know. We are entering a period of prosperity. Bare legs indicate poverty and loose living.’ or asserting her superiority to her staff: ‘Miss Yates is wearing a mortar-board and black gown over her clothes. She’s clearly making a point, since most of the staff have teaching diplomas rather than degrees.’

Miss Yates has an enemy, Alma, who has returned to her old school as head of music and still lives in her old home. Fiercely loyal to the memory of Miss Cunningham-Smith and opposed to any changes Miss Yates wishes to make, she is set on a collision course which ends in a hysterical scene. It’s clear that Alma has been severely damaged by the events of the war and that Miss Yates (who has secrets of her own) is right when she says, ‘I don’t know why you stay here, clinging to the past. Why don’t you move, go somewhere new, find a place where you’re not weighed down by it?’ Robert Gunner reappears, still lecturing and with a daughter at the school. He gives the same advice, ‘You must move on from the past. The war destroyed so much for all of us, but there’s nothing you can do about it except move on and find other ways to enjoy yourself. Remember how you used to love dancing?’ Will Alma change? The ending is rather inconclusive.

I did enjoy reading this book, which is a good reminder that only twenty years separated terrible events of the war from the early 1960s. Most people wanted to look to the future; it’s Alma who’s out of step with the times. I did feel that the two halves of the book (the narrative alternates between periods), didn’t hang together as well as they should. I was unconvinced by the passion for the Lindy Hop which takes over the girls and students, and by Miss Yates’ almost obsessive admiration for President Kennedy. I found Robert’s passion for lighthouses interesting but irrelevant. There are also a couple of glaring historical errors; I just can’t help noticing these when I’m reading. For instance:
‘Keep calm and carry on,’ says a solemn voice. (during the bombing), ‘Oh, shut up, Stephanie,’ says another. ‘That’s what it says on the posters,’ says Stephanie. ‘Are you suggesting Mr Churchill doesn’t know what he’s talking about?’
As any fule kno, that poster was not actually used during the war. Facts like these are easily checked. A good book which needed better editing. I liked all the detail about the school.

I read this courtesy of NetGalley. It will be published by Hodder on 27th March.
callmemadam: (Default)
The news media have been devoting a ridiculous amount of time to the return of Prince Harry from Afghanistan, IMO, but I suppose it's their reward for keeping the bargain. Now, I am no great fan of Prince Harry. I also think it quite wrong for our troops to be out there when the merest acquaintance with history shows that it is impossible to win a war in Afghanistan. Ask the Russians. Still, I am really shocked to find this morning that the story is being treated as if it were a publicity stunt for the royal family. Right. 'People think I'm a useless Hooray who gets drunk all the time, so I know what. I'll go off to one of the world's toughest environments and allow some of the world's fiercest fighters to shoot at me. That should improve my image.' I don't think so. He signed up to do a job, he's been out there with the others doing his duty, that old fashioned concept. And it's not just his safety that's been considered in bringing him home, but that of all the others who would become targets. I actually feel sorry for the lad, and for his family. When Prince Charles says he is relieved to have his son home in one piece, he feels just the same as all the other parents do. Can anyone really imagine he would willingly sacrifice his boy on the altar of good publicity?

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